I am a college student, or, in strictly philosophical terms, an intellectual coiffeur. As such, the Socratic method has become one of the more meaningful, affirming weapons in my academic arsenal.
The method, as any good intellect knows, deals with the art of questioning, the process of eschewing brutally repetitive and entirely useless memorization and instead focusing on the core tenants of our basic, most fundamental beliefs. Socrates believed, even on his deathbed, that the simple act of challenging our views with nothing more than penetrating, straightforward questions would give us a taste of the unattainable possession known as “knowledge.”
Considering the potent versatility of the Socratic method, I spare no subject matter of my academic life from its metaphysical, empirical razor, and the main brunt of my analyses have namely been my approaching college degree—a bachelors in magazine journalism—and the very behemoth I aspire to enter: the media. A recent assignment in one of my journalism classes allowed me such an opportunity.
I was asked to assess two recent Internet creations from Condé Nast Publications, the media Mecca responsible for such luminaries as Vogue, Glamour, Wired, Vanity Fair, and The New Yorker. The Web sites were Stylefinder.com, a fashion Web site that complements the styles and designs found in Vogue, Glamour, GQ, and other Condé Nast fashion magazines, and trulymadlydating, an online dating service in the guise of eHarmony.
The two sites are, to put it bluntly, crap.
Whenever I am asked to react to the newest form of sugar-coated bile of a rapidly depreciating media conglomerate, I always admit the following: I am a snob when it comes to art, entertainment, and culture. Often, friends and acquaintances tell me that an interest in such garbage is fine, if not justified. After all, they tell me, we all have guilty pleasures that practically demand our attention, and these pleasures, they conclude, are actually good for us, if not therapeutic.
Suffice to say, I rejected this concept early on in my aesthetic development (right around junior year in high school), and since then I have been increasingly conscientious of how I am spending my time. Rather than watch “The Bachelor,” I’ll read Michael Lewis’ latest piece in Vanity Fair. Rather than browse US Weekly for the latest skinny on Jon & Kate Plus Headache, I’ll read the blogs of Glenn Greenwald and Robert Reich. Rather than check out style tips from Stylefinder.com, I’ll commit the ultimate sin of my generation and read a book. Maybe even on economics.
So with a healthy, appropriate dose of conscience, I routinely reject the repeated attempts of old media (aka Condé Nast) to act “hip” and “cool” with our aptly-titled YouTube generation, and with Stylefinder.com and trulymadlydating it became crystal clear to me that such attempts, in their own sweet way, amount to nothing more than the last act of a desperate, prehistoric conglomerate, a final grasp at relevance masquerading as innovation that perfectly demonstrates why American media is undergoing such a radical change. In a move of such misguided pretentions that a special Pulitzer Prize should be created to honor its unbridled commercialism, Condé Nast has become the poster child for why the print media sucks.
On the surface, it pains me to make such a declaration. Condé Nast publishes, on occasion, superlative content. Those Michael Lewis compositions I mentioned earlier? Published by the Condé Nast-owned Vanity Fair. The New Yorker? Arguably the finest magazine currently in print and to which I am a tireless subscriber? Published by Condé Nast.
But even beyond the specific content of these publications, my criticisms of the print media make me feel as though I betray one of my true systematic traits: I love to write, and I admire the written word, from novels to magazine feature pieces to news articles from Bloomberg, to somewhat sickening heights. Few activities require, even at the most rudimentary level, such dedication, such aspiration, such drive; and even fewer are more rewarding.
Buzz Bissinger, a Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist and author of such seminal works of journalism as Friday Night Lights and “Shattered Glass,” described it perfectly when he said in a lecture to the University of Massachusetts, “Writing is really hard. It’s really hard. It doesn’t matter what form you practice … It’s isolating. It’s scary. It’s terrifying. It’s lonely. But we do climb up the mountain of whatever project we’re working on and we look down and then, there below us, we see, there it is! There’s that valley we’ve been looking for, and it’s green and it’s tree-lined and it’s beautiful … And we do get there.”
So to better stage any screeds, any criticisms, any dark, seedy, vile frustrations that may be expressed on the state of the American media, I wish to make it clear that I am, at the root, a man who loves and appreciates the craft, the elegance, the undeniable beauty of the written word, and this vantage point produces, in the case of Condé Nast, a painful realization: this is a publisher that should know better, a company that has the road map to Publishing Zion practically sitting in from of them in Times Square. The key, ultimately, is content.
David Simon is among the more potent and fierce critics of the American media. A journalist-turned-TV extraordinaire, Simon began as a reporter for The Baltimore Sun during the 1980s where he covered crime and the Baltimore Police Department. After experiencing some disillusionment at the direction of the newspaper, a period he described as when “[journalism] stopped being fun,” Simon searched for an excuse to take a leave of absence from the paper, finally settling on writing a book about his experiences covering the Baltimore Police Department homicide unit in 1988.
The resulting book, Homicide: A Year on the Killing Streets, would become the template for the NBC series Homicide: Life on the Streets, a show in which Simon would serve as a writer and producer. Expanding on this experience, Simon would continue to bridge journalism and television, writing a second book with former Baltimore cop and public school teacher Ed Burns entitled The Corner: A Year in the Life of an Inner-City Neighborhood that would later be adapted and produced by Simon as an HBO series directed by Charles S. Dutton. Simon’s TV experiences culminated in The Wire, an HBO series that ranks among the more penetrating, intense, and downright intelligent television ever produced.
However, despite his lofty and highly-acclaimed television excursions, Simon never abandoned his journalism roots; indeed, his freelance writings have appeared in such publications as The New Republic and The Washington Post. Though Simon’s current journalism does focus on personal subjects (“A Lonesome Death,” from the Jan 26, 2009 issue of The New Yorker, is particularly worth investigating), the true brunt of Simon’s contemporary journalism focuses squarely on the American media and where it is headed.
In the end, Simon says, the death of our magazines and newspapers is not due to lazy readers, Ritalin-fueled teens, or even blogs, the evil, four-headed beast of journalism. No, the issue, Simon says, has always been content. People flocked to newspapers and magazines in the 20th century because they offered unparalleled content—a potent mixture of news, opinion, and features that exposed corruption, enlightened minds, and contributed to a better democracy.
The journalism of the 1960s and 70s, with names such as Woodward, Bernstein, Talese, Wolf, Sack, Halberstam, Mailer, and Stone, fulfilled the premise Thomas Jefferson described when he wrote, “were it left to me to decide whether we should have a government without newspapers or newspapers without a government, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter.”
Even more, these establishments were well compensated for their efforts, as newspapers continually racked in 15, even 20% profit margins all throughout the 1980s and 90s. During this period, print media, and newspapers especially, were among the more consistently flourishing business models in American capitalism.
Times—and, more importantly, profits—were good. Media companies, in all their irrational exuberance, were more than happy to pocket the extra profits and buy themselves condos, yachts, and more newspapers. This, Simon contends, is where the problem originated. Rather than use the added profits to invest further in their companies (I’m generally thinking of such radical innovations as recruiting the best reporters and photographers money could buy and generously financing their various expenditures), editors, and more importantly, publishers, got LAZY and neglected the very quality of their product as long as the profits remained succulent.
Fast forward to today’s media waste land, and you witness an eternally-depressing scenario: newspaper circulation plummets by the quarter; once-proud publishing companies such as Tribune Company and The New York Times Company practically need blood transfusions to stop their rampant cash hemorrhaging; and all the while, these media publishers and Beltway journalists alike bemoan the current state of journalism in America, reviling blogs and Internet publications with the kind of passion and urgency that used to govern their journalism.
What they fail to realize, ultimately, is that American media is, in actuality, alive and well. In fact, it is flourishing. Online publications such as The Huffington Post, The Daily Kos, Slate, The Young Turks, and The Daily Beast (along with the superlative blogs of Andrew Sullivan, Glenn Greenwald, and the entire umbrella of Democracy Now!) offer not only supreme content of unmatched speed, influence, and dexterity, but they turn hefty profits while at it. The success of these online publications has been well documented (even in The New York Times!); yet, instead of headlines suggesting a new era of content-investment by Condé Nast, we are receiving ads for Stylefinder.com and trulymadlydating. Ladies and gentlemen, what we have here is a little case of prisoner’s dilemma.
The prisoner’s dilemma is a leading area of study in game theory, a sector of applied mathematics (generally involving economics but also used in philosophy, political science, and even biology) that attempts to mathematically capture and study strategic behaviors in games and various scenarios. Though originally developed by Merrill Flood and Melvin Dresher of the RAND Corporation in 1950 to analyze the strategic behavior of Cold War participants, the prisoner’s dilemma is enormously illuminating when pondering other predicaments of choice.
The situation of the prisoner’s dilemma is simple: you and an opponent are faced with two choices, or strategies, one called “defect” and the other “cooperate.” The defect strategy seems, unequivocally, to be your best strategy. Regardless of what your opponent plays, “defect” always provides a better payoff. In game theory, this is called a “dominant strategy,” meaning that the strategy dominates another strategy (called the “dominated strategy”) at all times. You are urged to play your dominant strategies. It is considered the rational move. Anything else would be suicide. Furthermore, by doing this, you follow the famed “invisible hand” philosophy created by legendary economist Adam Smith. A cornerstone of conservative economics, the invisible hand states that by following one’s own self-interest, society on the whole benefits. So our players, by using the defect strategy, should undeniably result in the best situation.
The prisoner’s dilemma, though, takes this concept and turns it on its proverbial head. By using defect, the dominant strategy, and not cooperate, the dominated strategy, you and your opponent do NOT benefit! Though they play their dominant strategies, both players using defect always produces a mutually worse outcome then if both players had used cooperate.
Notice what the prisoner’s dilemma suggests: by studying the strategies before us, and acting in a way we (and Adam Smith) conceive to be rational, we are actually experiencing a worse payoff than if we had acted in a supposedly irrational manner. In an October article in The New Yorker, John Cassidy perfectly explained the dilemma when he wrote, “But in a market environment the individual pursuit of self-interest, however rational, can give way to collective disaster. The invisible hand becomes a fist.”
This is the exact kind of crisis facing media publishers today. They are playing what they see as their defect strategies, dominant forms of behavior that would appear to produce the best payoffs for their respective business models. In this case, these defect strategies involve some form of Web-based subsidiary. Like the defect strategy, this is a seemingly rational move. There has been a myriad of success stories with the Internet while, simultaneously, the headlines are filled with disaster tales about old school media conglomerates.
So Condé Nast, acting in a way that it perceives as rational, creates Stylefinder.com and trulymadlydating and attempts to adapt this new form of technological capitalism to their business model, all the while forgetting about their “cooperate,” or, seemingly irrational strategy: to invest in the content of their publications. In this sense, Condé Nast is not cooperating with their readers; they are defecting, and collective disaster ensues.
In the end, it is exactly as David Simon suggests. Internet publications thrive, just as newspapers did in the 1980s, because of their content. We do not read blogs and other web-based news agencies because we are lazy. We read them because they offer a superior form of journalism. Until the Tribune Companies of the world twist the looking glass 180 degrees and actually examine, with all the forthrightness and brutal honesty of Socrates himself, why their business models fail again and again and again (and again), we will continue to have deranged orifices such as Stylefinder.com and trulymadlydating. What we need is actual, legitimate, vital journalism that a curious public will consume.




not true:
November 18th, 2009 at 11:00 am
you’re not being honest with Simon’s critique.
He is as critical of internet-based journalism — which he argues contains commentary and debate but little first-generation news gathering — as he is of mainstream media’s greed, profiteering and reduced ambitions.
He argues that we are headed for a period in which fundamental institutions in American society will not be properly covered by EITHER mainstream media or the fledgling internet offerings that are replacing them.
Everyone feels the need to shape the facts to fit their story.
Anna:
November 18th, 2009 at 3:03 pm
Woah. Waaaaaaaaayyyy too long for an online piece. Coincidentally one of the reasons traditional media don’t fly online is the inability to repackage print content in a digital or interactive manner. It’s not that they are unwilling, just unsure how. But the same way it survived radio and tv, it’ll survive digital. It’ll just take some time.
Dearborn:
November 18th, 2009 at 3:23 pm
You need an editor. And a bit of common sense. Arguing about the merits of Journalism capital J when talking about the service journalism of stylefinder or trulymadlydating is like saying we ought to eliminate major league sports because people are starving in the world. What about the sites? If they really are crap, what do you suggest that Conde Nast do on the web? Punt?
Peter Ricci:
November 18th, 2009 at 4:01 pm
I’ll address these comments one by one:
1. not true — I’m being entirely faithful to Simon. It would be a lovely ordeal to be loose with the facts in a piece of journalism that seemingly critiques the state of American media. Sorry, I have more respect for myself than that.
Simon’s chief concern is content, and yes, he’s correct to level this criticism at the majority of online journalism (Bissinger, who I also mention in the piece, has the same criticism). However, the stellar examples of online journalism (particularly the blogs I mentioned in the piece) are popular because they invest in content, not profits. Example: within three months of Glenn Greenwald launching his blogspot, traffic to the blog increased 200 percent PER MONTH, and he was then able to sell advertising to finance his journalism. Did so many read his blog for the fancy graphics or nude women? Nah, they read it for his fearless investigations in to the Bush administration. Clearly, coverage of government at the national level has only improved with the advent of the Internet, and people like myself read Glenn Greenwald, not the Washington Post, for one key reason: Greenwald is RIGHT about the issues he chooses to cover.
What concerns Simon about future news coverage (and I am in this boat) is local government journalism. If the city council passes a resolution capping weekly hours for rookie cops, an experienced beat reporter will have several police officers he can call to get a reaction. But a citizen journalist with no contacts and no experience? We’ll see what happens, but I worry about what will happen with city-level news.
Peter Ricci:
November 18th, 2009 at 4:12 pm
Anna — Too long? Seriously? This isn’t exactly “Hiroshima” by John Hersey; rather, it’s a 2,000 word piece examining an issue that commits the contemporary sin of detail.
But this viewpoint that you express—that digital content, for some unexplainable reason, must be different than detailed print material to be successful—is just flat out wrong. If that were the case, then why would such establishments as those by Glenn Greenwald, Andrew Sullivan, and Bloomberg be so successful, both in terms of coverage and finances, despite the fact that the sites are as straightforward as a newspaper? (Bloomberg, by the way, now boasts more reporters than the New York Times).
Until old media realizes this, they’ll continue to lose both profits and influence.
Peter Ricci:
November 18th, 2009 at 4:17 pm
Dearborn — I beg to differ. I have an excellent editor and a fine assortment of common sense, and both continue to serve me just fine in my various expenditures, thank you very much.
But on to your comment: You make a critical error in your logic. You assume that Web sites such as trulymadlydating qualify as journalism. If you’re serious about that, then we should being lobbying Columbia University immediately to award eHarmony a Pulitzer. They sure deserve it.
Rae:
November 18th, 2009 at 4:32 pm
2,000 words is too long for an online piece. Do they not offer classes on how to write for a web publication at your school? Perhaps that is why blogs are so popular, they are written with an online format already in mind.
It doesn’t matter though, with your inflated sense of self-importance and unwillingness to believe that anyone else can be right, you will never take into consideration anything that anyone else has to say.
Laryssa Wirstiuk:
November 18th, 2009 at 4:40 pm
Who created the rule that “2,000 words is too long for an online piece”? I would like to see the textbook where this rule is published, and I would like to take the class where professors teach this rule.
As a founder and editor of an online publication, I don’t believe it’s necessary to impose a word limit on my writers. When someone starts writing for this publication, one of the first things they ask me is, “How long should pieces be?”. I answer, “They should be long enough to convey your ideas.”
Word limits are necessary at print publications because of page space and costs associated with production. Online? We have virtually no costs, and we can write as much as we please. Perhaps a long piece is difficult to read on a computer screen, but rules for word limits are unnecessary and do not exist.
Peter Ricci:
November 18th, 2009 at 4:57 pm
Rae — I’ll default to Laryssa on any further comments regarding the length of this piece, but one comment regarding my “self-importance”: I agreed with “not true” in my first response (and fully admit he was right on this point) on that caveat to Simon’s critique, that fundamental institutions of our society could be left behind in the evolution of the news. So not true? You were right on in that regard.
I simply disagree with the generalizations that some express regarding online journalism. That’s why I specifically chose online sources that eschew such opinionated stereotypes.
Peter Ricci:
November 18th, 2009 at 5:06 pm
And one final note to the comment of “not true:”
I’m applying Simon’s philosophies of content to the current state of journalism and the various online experiments old media establishments are undertaking. “not true” is correct that Simon has expressed skepticism (which I do not share) with online journalism, but it was not my intention to argue that Simon flaunts online publications. Rather, I was simply using his rationale and adapting it to how the media can be saved.
Andrew:
November 18th, 2009 at 5:20 pm
I read and write blogs for a living. I am fully aware of the state of online and offline media. I loved this piece.
I love this piece because it negates preconceived misconceptions (all blogs should be short to hold attention) and proves the author’s thesis (content is king) by way of example.
The content in this piece is thorough and well-researched. Interested the entire time, I found myself amazed that I could, in fact, read the entire piece (PS - I’ve been diagnosed with ADD and OMG I don’t medicate). I could read the entire piece because the content was great.
The reason blog posts are short is because they are usually short on content. This article does not have the same shortcoming.
Justin Lynch:
November 18th, 2009 at 7:57 pm
Well done, Peter. I get most of my news from sites like Huffington Post and these are the future of journalism…The New Yorker also had a brilliant piece on the death penalty that would never have been run in a conventional newspaper.
And this piece was not too long.
emilee:
November 18th, 2009 at 11:09 pm
pete,
i am barely smart enough to follow your article but i’ll do the best i can. where to start? first of all, in my opinion, almost everything conde nast puts out is crap, anyway. as a magazine journalism and women’s studies major, i’ve got serious problems with the magazines you mentioned such as vogue and glamour.
about your article. ummm, since when is 2,000 words too long? if you want to stop reading, stop reading. and hopefully people know that stylefinder and trulymadlydating (that is such a shitty name i could barely type it out without wanting to puke) aren’t journalism.
and, to address dearborn, why such mean comments? who wants to fight on the internet?
also, rae: self-importance? well, pete does admit he is snobby about “art, entertainment and culture.” so take that for what it’s worth.
anyway. EVERYTHING, not just journalism, should focus on content instead of profit.
Mark F. Bonner:
November 19th, 2009 at 5:41 am
1. Newspapers and magazines do provide unparalleled information. The work presented there is head and shoulders better than anything I have read on Huffington Post, for example.
2. Newspapers and magazines are profitable. On average, most of these publications return a 15 to 20 percent profit year after year. Here’s the problem: they are owned by publicly traded companies whose shareholders demand increased revenues year after year. This impossible expectation has backed these publications into a corner which they cannot escape.
3. If newspapers and magazines were to go completely the way of the dinosaur — which I contend is an impossibility in my lifetime — then some other disastrous things would immediately occur.
a. The Drudge Report would go bye bye.
b. Television would have to find a replacement for the Associated Press, which feeds all of their news crawls and guides their talking points.
c. You wouldn’t know who got killed last night across town or what your local city council passed in that late night meeting. The list goes on, but my point is that bloggers, while they do good work, are generally afraid to leave their homes. I don’t see most bloggers hitting the streets late at night to find news. It’s not always fun, it can be dangerous and it is very time consuming. This goes for local television news crews too. They can’t and won’t cover it all and rely heavily on the morning newspaper to fill their morning and afternoon shows. TV news doesn’t show self generated content until the afternoon — and even then they are ripping wire and newspaper copy. Trust me on this.
d. Government officials would not be held accountable as much, emboldening them to cut corners. We’re already seeing this happen because papers have scaled back their reporting staffs to a point that one reporter is now covering the same amount of territory once assigned to four or five reporters. Trust me on this.
4. Newspapers and magazines suffer because they give away their content and haven’t figured out how to put the cat in the bag, even partially. Until this is resolved, bloggers and other aggregator web site like Drudge Report will be able to poach original content and make money on the work of others. Of course, at the same time, Drudge also is responsible for driving traffic to the Web sites he steals from. I applaud Drudge for seeing this way before anyone else. He truly is in a unique spot amidst the media landscape — much like Jon Stewart, who can call his work comedy. Brilliant.
5. Peter, your article isn’t too long. It just meanders all over the place with inside comments and non-sequiturs that distract the reader from your point of view, and, ultimately, your point. I had to read over some sections a few times to understand what you were trying to say. I’m sure many people skimmed over a bunch of paragraphs. I did too on first read, then forced myself to engage your writing. You made me do some work here, Peter. As you eluded in your article, the Internet is democratic and I’m sure many readers exercised their freedom to click off this page and go elsewhere.
6. Rae, don’t throw stones. Please, offer something more constructive to this conversation than your negativity. I’ve got a feeling you were in the business at some point. So was I.
Anna:
November 19th, 2009 at 10:02 am
I also edit blogs (and print) for a living- and have done so at nationals for the past few years. Prime rules are to respect your medium and never use a ten cent word when you can use a five, otherwise it’s just overcome with the scent of “college kid trying too hard.” That being said, I’m sure this thesis makes you feel real proud of yourself.
And I wouldn’t attack the editing: this is clearly a case of a writer with overwhelming hubris.
Peter Ricci:
November 19th, 2009 at 10:58 am
Mark,
I appreciate such a detailed (and civil!) response. While I obviously would disagree on the supposed non-sequiturs of piece, you highlight some interesting points, namely what will happen to local city coverage (something I mentioned in my response to “not true”). I’ll just make a couple points in response:
1. We’re clearly coming from different viewpoints in our analysis, but with each passing news event, the mediocrities of a mainstream newspaper, when compared to specialized blogs, only becomes more clear to me as a reader of news. A couple great examples are this piece by Andrew Sullivan (http://andrewsullivan.theatlantic.com/the_daily_dish/2009/06/the-nyt-and-torture-a-brief-recent-history.html) on the New York Times’ use of the word “torture” and this blog (http://www.prospect.org/csnc/blogs/beat_the_press) by economist Dean Baker. When you read Baker dismantle the economic coverage of the WaPo, NYT, and others, it will not be such a big mystery how our fabulous media missed an $8 trillion housing bubble and the worst economic calamity since the Great Depression.
2. I’ve never possessed anything but contempt for Drudge, and that is why I felt so relieved that the 2008 election revealed his influence to be greatly waning. Far from the Walter Cronkite of his era (as Chris Cilizza rather ludicrously commented), his right-wing smears failed to sway the election to McCain as they had to Bush four years earlier. Then again, with Limbaugh’s grasp on GOP politics stronger than ever (and, lest we forget, it was Limbaugh’s initial promotion of Drudge’s amateurish site that led to its popularity), we’ll have to see what happens in November of 2010 during the mid-term elections.
Ian:
November 19th, 2009 at 11:45 am
I love the piece, Peter. As Justin states above, you lead by example to prove that content heavy journalism always trumps an easy read.
A lot of what you said about the 20th century (about newspapers being well-compensated and thriving capitalist enterprises) is very spot on. What is really sad is that the journalists you mentioned (most notably Woodward and Bernstein) were paid for months to uncover scandals that may have only led to one main story, but also changed the world. A perfect example of this is the U of I Board of Trustees story that happened this fall. The Tribune investigated that situation for months and only got one major story out of it. Fast forward to today, and we have an entirely different board of trustees at U of I because the political clout scandal was uncovered.
Nothing can replace the depth of print journalism. I actually hosted a discussion about this at ECC.
Kristen Dolle:
November 19th, 2009 at 3:24 pm
I second “Woah. Waaaaaaaaayyyy too long for an online piece.”
You might hate the shitty media that’s forced upon you, but you still need to be cognizant of the medium your using.
Emily:
November 20th, 2009 at 1:09 am
Peter,
Personally, I think your article is a tad too long but my focus has always been print news where brevity reigns supreme.
I’m also going to have to respectfully disagree that bloggers offer a “superior form of journalism.” Speaking as someone who has worked at a few newspapers, I can assure you that once news breaks, 9 times out of 10, you probably won’t find a blogger out and about and hot on news trail. Mark Bonner is absolutely correct in his analysis of blogs, their content is quite liberally borrowed from respected, wide-read print publications. I know you think that bloggers do it better but that’s because they have more time because they are borrowing from legitimate publications that work at break-neck speed to be the ones to publish first and get the news out to the public ASAP— unfortunately this often does not leave room for anything but straight, hard news reporting language.
Then again, I’m just a newspaper girl and I don’t purport to know everything… I just think you may want to reign in your strong opinions a bit, we’re all a bit too young to feel so cynical and jaded about a business none of us have really even entered yet.
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